Name: 夏天蚊子多，為什麼迪士尼樂園沒有蚊子？ (Why Are There No Mosquitoes at Disney World?)
Uploaded: 2022-08-05T21:01:30.000Z
Duration: 6 min 29 s

反身代名詞

Walt Disney World is smack dab in the middle of a swamp in a state that is, more or less, a swamp itself.

迪士尼世界恰好不偏不倚座落在一個州裡的一處沼澤，而這個州基本上就是一片沼澤。

程度副詞

情態副詞

With 29% of the area of the state being covered, Florida is proportionally more comprised of wetlands than any other state in the US.

佛羅里達州有百分之29的區域被濕地覆蓋，比美國其他地方更多。

So, with that in mind, why isn't Walt Disney World swarming with mosquitoes?

有鑒於此，迪士尼世界裡為什麼沒有那麼多蚊子呢？

In truth, like most of Florida, there are plenty of mosquitoes at Disney.

事實上，就像在佛羅里達大部分區域一樣，迪士尼裡也有很多蚊子。

However, Disney is dedicated to guest experience, and mosquitoes are, well, really annoying.

然而，迪士尼重視顧客體驗，而蚊子又都真的真的很煩人。

Beyond that, they're potentially dangerous.

除此之外，它們還有潛在的危險。

According to the World Health Organization, as many as one million people die from mosquitoes every year.

根據世界衛生組織，每年都有多達一百萬人死於蚊子。

Not the bite itself, obviously, but the disease and virus that can often come with it.

不是蚊子的叮咬本身，而是蚊子身上攜帶的病毒與疾病。

Now, most of that is attributed to malaria, which is mostly a problem in Africa and parts of South America.

現今大部分歸因於瘧疾，瘧疾的問題主要出現在在非洲與美國南部部分區域。

However, in the United States, we've still had to worry about viruses like the West Nile Virus, encephalitis, and most recently, Zika.

然而在美國，我們還是擔心著像是西尼羅河病毒、腦炎，以及最近的茲卡病毒之類的病毒。

So, as a result Disney, goes all out in combating mosquitoes and minimizing their presence on property.

因此迪士尼無所不用其極地對抗蚊子，並縮小他們在園區內的存在。

Well, they don't have any particularly special weapon that isn't used elsewhere in the world.

嗯……他們對抗蚊子的武器無異於世界其他地方所使用的。

Disney's arsenal includes insecticides which kill mosquitoes fairly quickly, growth regulators which reduce their lifespan, and maintaining natural predators in the area that eat the bugs as part of their diet.

迪士尼的蚊子軍火庫內包含了可以很快殺死蚊子的殺蟲劑、減少蚊子壽命的生長調節劑，還在該區域內飼養了以蚊子的天敵。

On their own, they're all methods that many other places employ to deal with the annoying mosquitoes.

就這些而言，它們都是其他地方常用來對付煩人的蚊子的方法。

However, the impressive part is the vigilance and precision in which Disney carries out these methods.

然而令人印象深刻的是，迪士尼使用這些方法的警覺性和準確性。

It all begins with the Mosquito Surveillance Program, which is an element of the Department of Planning and Engineering for the Reedy Creek Improvement District.

一切都源於蚊子監測計劃，是蘆葦溪改善區規劃與工程部的一部分。

The Improvement District itself is the governing jurisdiction that covers Walt Disney World and is controlled by Disney.

改善區本身就有迪士尼持有的迪士尼世界這片區域的管轄權。

You see, rather than blindly spraying insecticides over the entirety of the property, which is twice the size of Manhattan,

你可以看到，與其在比曼哈頓要大兩倍的園區內噴灑殺蟲劑，

Disney, instead, uses various methods to carefully track where and when to spray.

迪士尼運用了不同的方法來謹慎追縱需要噴灑的時間和區域。

The program maintains over 60 traps across the area of Walt Disney World.

這個計畫在迪士尼世界內佈下60多個蚊子陷阱。

These traps trickle out small amounts of carbon dioxide, which attracts the mosquitoes much in the same way we exhale carbon dioxide, which, unfortunately, brings them over to us.

這些陷阱放出薄弱的二氧化碳來吸引蚊子，而這種方式就像我們吐氣時會吐出二氧化碳一樣，只不過不幸的是我們這麼做會引來蚊子。

They'll then bring those traps filled with mosquitoes back to a lab where the mosquitoes are frozen to death and analyzed.

他們把這些困住蚊子的陷阱帶回實驗室，然後蚊子就會被被凍死並被分析。

The team looks at everything from what kind of species they are to their concentration to how old they are and how many of them were ready to lay eggs.

該團隊從他們是什麼品種研究到他們的聚集處，再到他們的年齡以及他們會將誕下多少卵。

By looking at all this data for all of these traps, Disney is able to paint themselves a picture of what parts of the property need the most attention when it comes to eliminating the insects.

藉由這些陷阱所研究出的資料，迪士尼便在消滅蚊子方面得知哪處景區需要特別注意。

Similar to the way they lay mosquito traps all over property, they also spread something else across their property: Chickens.

和在園區四處佈下蚊子陷阱的另一個相似做法是在園區散佈了一些──雞。

They're called sentinel chickens, and their sole purpose is to be monitored for signs of dangerous viruses like the West Nile virus.

他們被稱為「哨兵雞」，牠們的唯一目的是監測像西尼羅河病毒等危險病毒的跡象。

Unlike us, chickens don't get sick from the West Nile virus.

不像我們，雞不會因西尼羅河病毒而生病。

They naturally produce an antibody that not only keeps them safe from the virus,

牠們所製造的抗體不僅能免疫這種病毒，

but it keeps the levels of the virus low enough in their blood that they don't risk passing it on to other mosquitoes.

也讓這種病毒在他們血液中保持足夠低的水平，這樣牠們就沒有把病毒傳染給其他蚊子的風險了。

Disney tests the blood of these chickens regularly to see if that antibody is present.

迪士尼定期為這些雞驗血來看看這種抗體是否還存在。

If it is, it means a mosquito with the virus was nearby.

如果還存在的話，代表攜帶著這種病毒的蚊子還在附近。

This is helpful because, while you could technically catch and test free roaming birds and animals for the virus, you'd have no idea where that animal was infected.

這麼做的幫助在於，雖然從技術上來說你可以抓隨便一隻鳥或動物來看看病毒是否在他們體內存在，但你不會知道那些動物是在哪裡被感染的。

With chickens in a coop, you know exactly where it happened.

而雞舍裡有雞，你就知道地點在哪。

So, using these tools, Disney is able to adjust their spraying patterns and other mosquito-killing methods to keep up with the unexpected concentrations of the insect.

所以，藉由這些工具，迪士尼就可以調整他們噴灑殺蟲劑的模式還有其他滅蚊的方式來找到這些蟲子新的聚集地。

Now, that's the precision of their methods, but there's also the vigilance.

而現在來談談這些方法的準確和警覺性。

Disney, more than most, sprays their property twice a day to cull the mosquito numbers,

迪士尼做得更多的地方在於一天會在園區內噴灑兩次殺蟲劑來消滅蚊子，

once right around sunrise and once right around sunset, the two times of the day mosquitoes are most active.

一次是在太陽剛升起時，而一次是在日落時，都是蚊子一天中最活躍的兩個時間點。

Their fleet of trucks cover as many as a combined 86 miles worth of roads, fields, canals, and firebreaks across the property.

噴灑殺蟲劑的車隊遍及整個園區，總計有 86 英里那麼長，有道路、田野、運河和防火帶。

Now, obviously, they don't kill all of the mosquitoes.

但很顯然，他們沒有把蚊子全部殺光。

With land that large and insects that prevalent, it's an impossible task.

因為對於這片偌大且蚊蟲盛行的區域而言，那根本就是不可能的任務。

There are also areas that end up being treated less due to Disney's tendency to avoid spraying around guests themselves.

也有一些區域是較少噴灑殺蟲劑的，因為迪士尼想避免影響到遊客。

As a result, the Fort Wilderness Campgrounds tend to be the least treated of the resorts due to its outdoorsy nature that encourages guests to partake in outdoor activities.

懷爾德尼斯堡度假露營區是噴灑最少的區域，因為這個景區的自然環境吸引了遊客前來參加戶外活動。

However, what happens when their best isn't good enough?

然而，若他們的「好」還不夠好時會發生什麼？

Well, if there's one thing Disney holds above guest experience, it's guest safety.

嗯……迪士尼比起遊客體驗更重視的，是安全。

So, in the few instances where they felt they could do more to ensure that guest safety, it came at the cost of experience.

因此，少數情況下，當他們認為為了確保遊客安全還得做點什麼時，就必須把遊客體驗作為代價。

Most notably, there were instances of an encephalitis scare both in 1990 and 1997 that resulted in Disney taking extra precautions.

最值得注意的是在1990和1997年間對於腦炎的恐懼讓迪士尼採取額外的預防措施。

They handed out letters to guests staying on property that cautioned them to minimize activities during sunrise and sunset and to wear longer sleeves whenever possible.

他們向入園遊客發出信件，提醒他們在日出和日落時盡量減少活動，並盡可能穿長袖。

On top of that, both golf courses on property as well as water-based attractions were closed early so that guests weren't using either during sunset.

除此之外，園區內的高爾夫球場和一些水上景點也都提早關門，如此一來遊客便無法在日落時使用。

The outdoor luau at the Polynesian Resort was temporarily moved indoors, and the hay bale rides and campfire activities at Fort Wilderness were completely canceled.

在波尼西亞度假村的野宴也被移至室內，在懷爾德尼斯堡度假營區的乾草遊樂設施和營火活動也被完全取消。

Recently, we saw Disney take extra steps during the Zika virus scare in 2016.

近期，我們看到迪士尼針對2016年的茲卡病毒而採取的額外措施。

Guests at resorts were offered free mosquito repellent, and stations with the repellent were set up throughout the theme parks on property.

遊客們得到免費提供的防蚊液，而在園區四處也設置了防蚊液供給站。

At the end of the day, as nice as it would seem, it'd be impossible for Disney to completely rid their property of mosquitoes.

說到最後，儘管想想會覺得不錯，但迪斯尼的園區無法完全擺脫蚊子。

However, all things accounted for, they do a pretty good job of trying.

但迪士尼所能顧及到的，他們都試著做到最好了。

Sometimes it feels like Disney magic, but like most of Disney's magic, it's really the product of the thousands of individuals who put in the work every single day.

有時感覺這就像迪士尼魔法，但就像迪士尼的大部分魔法一樣，它其實是好幾千人每天投入工作所產出的心血。

Even when that work is dealing with mosquitoes.

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夏天蚊子多，為什麼迪士尼樂園沒有蚊子？ (Why Are There No Mosquitoes at Disney World?)

eliminate

experience

presence

completely