purpose.

Maybe it's to give the player options in how they approach their objectives. Perhaps it's

a stage for a shifting political drama, or a sandbox so the player can blow off steam

between missions. And, sometimes, it's just a way to dump a big checklist of content on

the player.

For The Legend of Zelda: Breath of the Wild, Nintendo used an open world for a very specific

purpose: to let players go on an adventure.

And in this video, I want to look at how Nintendo used, and ignored, different bits of open

world design to make a fantasy kingdom that you'll want to explore, survive, and conquer.

For starters, Nintendo gives players an enormous amount of freedom in how they approach the game.

There are only two things you have to do in Breath of the Wild, after all: finish a tutorial,

and fight Ganon. Everything in between is up to you.

You can do the four major dungeons out of order, or not at all. You can finish as many

shrines as you like, track down as many memories as you want, and it's up to you whether you

take Link's famous sword into the final battle... or a wooden mop.

What this means is that you carve your own path through the world, which is a pretty

important factor in an adventure. Link's story is your story, defined by what you do - and

what you don't do - as you explore Hyrule.

This is very different to previous Zelda games - but also to most other open world

games, which feature a rather linear story - made up of mandatory main quests - where

your only choice is to either follow it - or delay following it.

And, aside from limiting the player's freedom, this often has the unfortunate side effect

of providing a disjointed story where you desperately need to track down your kidnapped

son - but you'll get to that just as soon as you explore the entirety of Boston.

But I think Zelda gets around this in a clever way.

You can take on Ganon at any point. But because you'll likely get killed before you can even

approach Hyrule Castle, you're not delaying your showdown with the big bad -

you're training for it.

Which means everything you do in the game - from collecting heart pieces to boosting

your equipment slots to activating the divine beasts - is in preparation for that fight.

Zelda shatters that barrier between following the story and doing side activities, because

everything you do is relevant.

Well, almost everything.

Another thing Zelda does differently to most other open world games, is in how much information

it gives you about the world. Which is to say: hardly any.

At the start, your map is completely blank and you need to climb up, and activate these

towers, to fill in the gaps. But unlike the towers in Assassin's Creed and Far

Cry games, this doesn't litter your map with icons for nearby activities, side quests,

and collectibles.

Instead, you have to find all of that stuff yourself, and this means you are lead through

the world, not by icons and waypoints, but by your own curiosity.

You might see something interesting on top of a mountain, and decide to hike up there.

You might choose to climb up a tower, and use your magic iPad to survey the landscape,

before dropping down pins and stamps to mark locations you want to check out. Or you might

scour the map screen for interesting place names and structures, and then go find out

what's there.

Importantly, there's probably something good. Any collectibles you might find are genuinely

helpful, especially after your 325th sword just broke. And any shrines you might find provide genuinely

unique puzzles, instead of the usual copy-and-paste side content we see in open world games.

Or you might find something that tells you about the world of Hyrule - because most of this game's

storytelling is done through the ancient ruins, giant bones, forgotten battlefields, and other

bits of the environment.

It's also important that you can always go where your curiosity leads you.

I was playing Horizon Zero Dawn the other day, and was intrigued by these gigantic robot bones up on the side

of a mountain. But when I tried to get there I was greeted by a cliff side too steep to

climb, and an actual invisible wall. Bummer.

Zelda, though, not only offers complete freedom, but a generous climbing system means you can

clamber up any wall - provided you have enough stamina, or can find spots to rest.

By the way, Zelda makes it really fun to traverse Hyrule, whether that's climbing, riding a

horse, paragliding down from a tall tower, or - best of all - surfing on your shield.

Exploration is always encouraged when it's fun to move around.

Anyway. Maybe that invisible wall in Horizon was to stop me from coming across a mad robot

dinosaur that I was not yet ready to fight. But, Breath of the Wild shows that letting

players get pummelled by killer enemies is no bad thing.

In the game's opening hours I stumbled upon this centaur chap - a Lynel - and the fight

didn't exactly go well.

Immediately, the world no longer felt like a playground to enjoy,

but a daunting world to survive. Much more conducive to an adventure.

And it's not just big enemies, but the world itself feels out to get you. You'll need to

contend with harsh climates, like ice-cold lakes, volcanic areas that burn up wooden

weapons, and deserts that flit between hot and cold. And weather affects you too, such

as rain that makes surfaces too slick to climb, and lighting storms that... well..

But the thing about adversity, is how good it feels when you overcome it. I returned

to that coliseum 50 hours later - now with better equipment, more hearts, and a stronger

understanding of the combat system - and destroyed that Lynel. Zelda games have often explored

the themes of growing up and becoming a hero - but never quite like this.

Breath of the Wild also uses those tough enemies, as well as steep walls and harsh climates,

to discourage you from exploring the map in one go and immediately seeing everything the

game has to offer. By withholding bits of the world, in this fashion, - you'll still

be discovering surprises, including entire towns and different biomes, well past the

point where other open world games would start to feel plain and predictable.

Let me just go back to the map marker thing for a second.

Breath of the Wild does actually use some typical, open world-style wayfinding. The

main dungeon quests, for example, are marked on your map with yellow dots - though, thankfully,

the game avoids the little dotted line, instead asking you to find your own route to one of

the four dots, and no doubt getting lost and distracted along the way.

You can also turn them off, which I'd recommend. Unlike some games, Zelda is perfectly playable

without this help, as characters give directions, the map features place names, and most forks

in the road feature signposts.

But that's just the main quest, and with all of the side missions, Nintendo decided to

ditch these navigational aids altogether, and instead, the secrets, side quests, and shrine

quests can only be found by following scraps of information.

Here's an example. These two lads are talking about a treasure, and they give me a clue to find

it. "The little twin steps over the the little river. My cave rests above that river's source".

So I wander around, find a sign pointing towards the little brother bridge - that sounds about

right -, follow the river to its source, climb up beside the waterfall, and then uncover

the hidden stash. Get in.

By following these rumours, as well as song lyrics, paintings, and riddles, you're asked

to really explore the world, and take in environmental details that, in a different game, you might

blow straight past. Plus, finding these solutions is always more rewarding, if you ask me, than

simply following waypoints and stink trails.

If all of this sounds a bit familiar, it's because I talked about almost all of this stuff last

month in my video about the very first Zelda game. Breath of the Wild features more than

just old men, Spectacle Rock, and centaurs - but also the freedom, mystery, and general

standoffish design of Zelda 1. Though, you are going to have to turn off the HUD and

objective markers to really get that experience.

But Nintendo didn't just look backwards to make this game - it also looked outwards,

with the game's creators saying they researched games like The Witcher and Minecraft.

And you can see elements from loads of open world games in Breath of the Wild. The Korok

puzzles feel like the Riddler trophies in the Arkham games. Cooking, to prepare for a big

battle, brings to mind the Witcher's alchemy. Smashing ore is totally Minecraft. And Breath

of the Wild capture Skyrim's wanderlust, and horse bugs.

But you can tell that Nintendo used these ideas with careful consideration - deciding

which bits of design to use, and which bits to forgo - because an open world isn't just

an excuse to chuck in loads of random features and hope they all stick together. Like any

good game, everything should work together to contribute to a specific experience.

And in the new Zelda - the level of freedom you're provided, the focus on exploration,

the use of cryptic clues, the daunting enemies, and the consistent surprises - all add up

to give Breath of the Wild a truly adventurous spark.

Hey everyone! Thanks for watching. GMTK is funded by everyone on my Patreon - including

these top tier supporters.

If you're a long time viewer of my channel, you might be surprised to hear me praise a

gigantic open world game, after making videos about the joy of exploring much smaller, more

compact worlds, like Batman: Arkham Asylum and Deus Ex: Mankind Divided.

But in that Batman video, what I said was "game environments should be measured by how

much meaningful content is inside, rather than in square metres", and Nintendo is one

of the few companies, alongside Rockstar and (sometimes) Bethesda, who are capable of actually

filling a massive world with unique and interesting stuff.

Plus, the game uses its space to make your adventurous treks more epic, and provide those

all-important moments of quiet and introspection during travel. So, like everything in game

design, the size of a world comes down to what sort of experience the creators are going for.

Anyway - at the risk of turning this channel into Zelda Maker's Toolkit, my next video

will be a Boss Keys episode on Phantom Hourglass and Spirit Tracks. And yes, I will finish

that series by talking about the dungeons in Breath of the Wild. And then I will never

talk about Zelda ever again. Until the next one.