These guys are [cutting-edge] pioneering brain scientists now. What could they possibly have in common?

這些傢伙是 既頂尖又前衛的腦神經科學家

Welcome to the science of Yoga and what it means to [us] part 1 let's

這樣看起來 他們能有什麼共通點嗎

Go back thousands of [years] to the ancient world the first mystics would leave their towns Villages and everyday distractions

歡迎收看

To find solace [in] the [forests] there in isolation they studied their own inner experience

瑜伽的科學 洗-蝦-毀

As they looked within what they found was a myriad of thoughts and emotions. Just like most people would and

1 讓我們回到數千年以前的古代

also, like most people these thoughts seemed to cause [anxiety] and seemed to serve no real practical purpose with but with

第一個神祕主義者離開了城鎮 鄉村 與每天的紛擾

Vigilant observation the mystics found that when they stopped feeding their thoughts they started to get quieter and quieter

在叢林中尋求慰藉

They were quite literally changing their state of mind from the inside out

在那樣的獨處之中 他們探究了自己的內在經驗

the mystics in India called this practice Vipassana

當他們向內看 發現的是無窮無盡的念頭和情緒

Which means clear seeing?

就跟大多數人一樣

Today, we call [it] meditation

同樣的 就像大部分的人

Now fast-forward to the early 2000s

這些念頭似乎造成了焦慮

scientists studying the brain and the effect of brain exercises started to make some surprising discoveries

也似乎沒有實際的目的

Brain science was still in its infancy [and] in fact up until late into the 20th century

但是在警覺地觀察後

It was still thought that the brain was solid like concrete unable to change in its structure

這些神秘主義者發現 當他們停止餵養這些念頭

But then they discovered a phenomenon called brain plasticity it seemed the brain could actually change

它們會變得越來越安靜

It could be shaped and rewired by exercise and guess what they found had the power to cause structural changes

他們能徹底名符其實的 "從裡到外"改變他們的心智狀態

Yep

這些印度的神祕主義者 把這個練習叫做 vipassana

meditation

意思是 清晰的觀看

Several studies found a whole host of structural changes in the brains of people who meditated here are some of the changes they found

今日 我們稱為冥想

The default mode Network which could stimulate wandering and aimless thought grooves was quietened down

現在 快轉到兩千年初

the Amygdala which processes fear and anxiety

科學家研究大腦 與腦部訓練的效果

reduced in size and activity

開始有了一些驚人的發現

Gray matter in the sensory regions of the brain increased which in turn enhanced sense perception

當時的腦科學 還在發展初期

These were startling discoveries, and it became clear [that] there was something to this ancient practice after all

實際上 一直到二十世紀末

But it's not just neuroscience the field of pSychology also owes some recent developments to this Eastern philosophy

在他們的觀點中 還認為腦袋是凝滯的 像混凝土那樣

the mystics of old times claimed the simple fact

不可能再改變它的結構了

With regular insight you'll see that your thoughts are not real and the recent success of cognitive

但是 接下來

Talk therapy uses this exact same strategy the subject learns to see the falseness of their own repetitive thinking

他們發現了一個現象 叫做大腦可塑性

they're simply an interpretation of what is going on not the actuality of what's going on, so

大腦似乎是會改變的

[what's] the difference you might ask well say someone next to you makes a sarcastic remark?

透過練習 它可以被塑造 恢復功能

This may trigger you to start thinking about a number of possible explanations, and they could all [be] completely false for example

猜猜看他們發現 能帶來這種結構性改變的是什麼

She did that on purpose

沒錯

Everyone does this to me. They're all planning to keep me down Etc

就是冥想

See how these thoughts lead to other thoughts which multiplied with each other

許多科學研究發現 有在做冥想的人 腦部有許多結構性的改變

The Philosophy of Vipassana is to see that these thoughts are nothing more than stories in your head and as you get better

以下是一些他們發現的改變

They stop multiplying so quickly, but don't be disheartened it takes practice

大腦的預設模式網絡 DMN, first proposer: Hans Berger 能激發渙散 缺乏目標的思維神經溝

By the way, you don't necessarily have [to] look like a yogi or sit like a pretzel to meditate, so whether it's breathing meditation

這時候會平靜下來

Watching meditation dancing or fishing meditation. Whatever clears your mind is a great place to start

杏仁核 負責處理恐懼與焦慮的腦區 體積會縮小 活躍度也降低

All of these techniques contribute to a healthier mind

灰質 分佈在大腦的感知區 這時候增加了

There is something that brain science is starting to substantiate and it's what ancient mystics said all those years ago

它也"回過頭來" 提升了感官知覺的能力

you

這些是多麼驚人的發現