Welcome to Life Noggin!

歡迎來到 Life Noggin！

It's a bird!

是小鳥？

It's a plane!

是飛機！

No, it's a plane!

嗯，是飛機。

Got it!

好喔。

Figured it out!

我看到了！

Airplanes are pretty amazing if you think about it.

如果仔細想想，飛機真的蠻厲害的。

In just a few hours, a giant metal bird can transport you across entire continents.

在短短幾個小時內，這隻金屬巨鳥就會載你橫跨世界各大洲。

But anyone who's traveled by plane knows it comes with many downsides.

但有搭過飛機的人都知道它有許多缺點。

Cramped leg room, babies crying, germs, bad WIFI…

狹小的座位空間、嬰兒哭鬧、一堆細菌、WIFI 訊號不好...

But, while it's not something I would want to do for a long period of time, there are flights that last almost an entire day.

但雖然我並不會想長時間搭飛機，現在卻還是有飛行時間長達一整天的航程。

Begging the question: what would one of these flights do to your body?

這讓我不禁想問：這麼長的航程會對我們身體造成什麼影響？

While most flights take only about 2 hours, the number of long-haul flights lasting over 12 hours is growing.

雖然大部分的航程只需兩小時，但飛行時間超過 12 小時的長途飛行班次日漸增加。

And recently, engineers have built a plane able to stay in the air for 20 hours non-stop.

最近，工程師建造了一款可以在空中飛行 20 小時且不間斷的飛機。

And a new flight has gotten close to this limit.

而也開始有新的航班是接近這樣的飛行時數。

In October 2018, passengers on-board Singapore Airlines flight SQ21 from Newark, New Jersey to Singapore made history by participating in the longest non-stop flight ever recorded, clocking in at about 18 hours and 45 minutes.

在 2018 年 10 月，新加坡航空班次 SQ21 從紐瓦克紐澤西出發，飛往新加坡的班次創下史上最久的直飛班機飛行時間，飛行紀錄約為 18 小時 45 分鐘。

But sitting on a plane for that long has to come with some consequences.

但坐這麼久的飛機還是會有後果的。

While major medical issues are not common on typical flights, some aspects of the airplane environment can have a negative effect on health, especially on longer flights.

雖然在一般飛行中，重大醫療問題並不常見，機艙環境還是會多少對健康造成不良影響，尤其在長途飛行中更是如此。

For instance, cabin pressure, oxygen saturation and vibrations can cause nausea.

例如，機艙壓力、氧氣飽和度以及持續震動可能會引起噁心想吐。

And the lack of humidity measured on long-haul flights, often less than the set standard, can result in dry eyes, throat, and skin.

而在長途飛行中被測量出缺乏濕度，經常少於標準值。這會造成眼睛、喉嚨與皮膚乾澀。

One 2005 study found that the oxygen levels were also insufficient, measuring levels that would normally prompt doctors to administer supplemental oxygen.

一項 2005 年的研究發現含氧量不足，測量出的含氧量在正常情況下會使醫生施用氧氣輔助器。

Remember the cramped leg room?

記得前面有提到狹小的座位空間嗎？

Well, it turns out that sitting for long periods of time can cause blood clots in your legs and swelling.

其實久坐會讓腿部產生血栓且雙腿腫大。

Long flights have also been found to increase the risk of blood clots in the lungs, possibly due to mild dehydration.

研究發現長途飛行也會增加肺栓塞的風險，原因很有可能是輕微脫水。

And if that doesn't deter you from flying, wait until you hear about the radiation!

如果這樣還無法阻止你搭飛機，聽聽看輻射對你造成什麼影響。

Since you are at a higher altitude where the air is thinner, you are more exposed to the cosmic radiation coming from the sun.

因為你在高處，空氣比較稀薄，你便暴露在來自太陽的宇宙射線之中。

And your exposure amount increases depending on how high you are, how long the flight is, and how far away you are from the equator.

而你在輻射裡暴露的程度會隨著飛行高度、飛行時數以及離赤道的距離增加。

Some studies have even raised concerns about the effects of radiation on individuals taking long-haul flights, especially aircraft crew members.

許多研究甚至提出顧慮，認為輻射對搭乘長途飛行的人會造成影響，尤其是機組人員。

In 2000, researchers at the Institute for Protection and Nuclear Safety measured average radiation doses on flights lasting over 3 hours ranged from 3 microsievert per hour to nearly 10 microsievert an hour, depending on the latitude in which the plane was flying.

在 2000 年，輻射與核能安全保護機構測量了飛行時間超過 3 小時的平均輻射劑量，結果介在 3 微西弗至將近 10 微西弗之間，飛機在不同緯度會有不同的輻射劑量。

Because these numbers are above the recommended limit of 1 microsievert a year set by the International Coalition of Radiological Protection,

這些數字高於國際公民輻射防護聯盟所建議的，一年不超過 1 微西弗。

the study's authors urge airlines to record radiation doses for each crew member and assess their exposure.

因此這項研究團隊極力推動航空公司紀錄每位機組人員所接觸到的輻射劑量，並作評估。

I don't know about you, but I think I'm just gonna stick to road trips for a while, or teleportation because I can do that.

我不知道你怎麼樣啦，但我還是暫時在陸地上旅行就好了。或是瞬間移動，因為我可以。

This is the animation world.

這是動畫世界。

So do you like flying?

你喜歡搭飛機嗎？

Or do you have a fear of it?

還是你害怕坐飛機呢？

Would you ever take a long flight like this?

你會想搭乘這麼久的飛機嗎？

Let me know in the comment section below.

在底下的留言區告訴我。

Curious to know how you might be able survive a plane crash?

你有沒有好奇過自己有可能會在飛機失事中倖存呢？

Check out this video.

來看看這部影片吧！

Before a new aircraft ever leaves the ground, manufacturers put the model through tons of tests that look at things

一架新飛機離開地面之前，製造商已經對飛機模型做過一堆測試。

like extreme heat and cold, high winds, excess water, ice, and lightning strikes.

測試內容包括極度炎熱或寒冷的環境、高風速、暴雨、冰雹和閃電。

As always, my name is Blocko, this has been Life Noggin, don't forget to keep on thinking.

一樣地，我是 Blocko，這裡是 Life Noggin，不要忘記繼續思考喔！