and discuss some of the why's and how's associated with a DCS.

並討論與 DCS 相關的一些原因和方法。

before we get started on today's video

在我們開始今天的視頻之前

if you love our videos,be sure to click the like button below.

如果您喜歡我們的視頻，請點擊下面的 "喜歡 "按鈕。

then make sure to click subscribe

然後確保點擊訂閱

and the little bell to receive notifications of new RealPars videos.

和小鈴鐺，以接收新的 RealPars 視頻通知。

This way you never miss another one!

這樣你就不會再錯過任何一次了！

Let's first clarify, for the purpose of this lesson, what we mean by DCS.

在本課中，我們首先要明確 DCS 的含義。

Over the years, the term DCS has evolved from the original description

多年來，DCS 一詞已從最初的描述演變為

for the acronym as a Distributed Control System to the use of the term Decentralized Control System

將 "分佈式控制系統 "的縮寫改為 "分散控制系統"。

and they seem to be somewhat interchangeable nowadays.

如今，它們似乎在某種程度上可以互換。

Regardless of which description is used,

無論使用哪種描述、

we are discussing a structure that,at the high-level view,

我們討論的是一種高層次的結構、

is a system that coordinates and supervises an entire plant of many varying processes.

是一個系統，用於協調和監督整個工廠的多個不同流程。

Briefly, as a point of the historical review, when PLC's were invented,

簡而言之，作為歷史回顧，PLC 是何時發明的、

they were really good at handling single processes

他們真的很擅長處理單一流程

and were primarily used for repetitive, discrete control.

主要用於重複、離散控制。

The advent of the DCS was for controlling many autonomous controllers

DCS 的出現是為了控制許多自主控制器

that handled many continuous operations, mainly using analog control.

它主要使用模擬控制來處理許多連續操作。

Through time and innovation,the lines have blurred a bit between the two systems

隨著時間的推移和創新的發展，這兩種系統之間的界限已經有些模糊了

but each, in the current day, has some principal differences.

但在當今時代，兩者都有一些主要區別。

PLCs, traditionally, were used for single batch or high-speed control,

PLC 傳統上用於單批次或高速控制、

have a relatively simple, low-cost design, and are the core of the system.

設計相對簡單、成本較低，是系統的核心。

Their design is flexible and generic but completely customizable.

它們的設計靈活、通用，但完全可以定製。

Processing time for tasks are typically very fast,

任務的處理時間通常非常快、

operators usually interact and control the system using some sort of graphical display such as SCADA.

操作員通常使用某種圖形顯示器（如 SCADA）對系統進行交互和控制。

A DCS is used for continuous, complex controls,

DCS 用於連續、複雜的控制、

they have an integrated control center much like a SCADA,

它們有一個類似 SCADA 的集成控制中心、

which is the core of the system versus the processors in a PLC system.

與 PLC 系統中的處理器相比，它是系統的核心。

The DCS has a number of predefined functions that come ready to customize

DCS 有許多預定義功能，可隨時進行定製

and deploy for various applications.

併為各種應用進行部署。

Processing times are somewhat slower.

處理時間稍慢。

Operators interact with the control system via an integrated graphical display.

操作員通過集成的圖形顯示器與控制系統進行交互。

DCS's also have a claim that when safety is a top priority, the DCS is the most reliable system.

DCS 還聲稱，當安全成為重中之重時，DCS 是最可靠的系統。

The reason for this is because the manufacturer supplies both the control and supervisory equipment

原因是製造商同時提供控制和監控設備

as an integrated package, the risks of integration errors are greatly reduced.

作為一個集成套裝軟體，集成錯誤的風險大大降低。

There are indeed scenarios in which a PLC system would be the best option such as smaller sized processes

在某些情況下，PLC 系統確實是最佳選擇，例如較小規模的流程

where you could employ redundant components to negate the possibility of process shutdowns.

在這種情況下，您可以採用冗餘組件來消除流程停機的可能性。

Without redundancy, you risk production halts due to the nature of a single processor controlling an entire plant.

如果沒有冗餘，單個處理器控制整個工廠就有可能導致生產中斷。

Redundancy may be deployed in either the PLC or DCS applications.

冗餘可部署在 PLC 或 DCS 應用中。

We will talk more about redundancy in a future video.

我們將在以後的視頻中詳細介紹冗餘。

Just as there are circumstances for a PLC system, the use of DCS would be for larger,more complex processes

正如在某些情況下需要使用 PLC 系統一樣，DCS 也適用於更大型、更復雜的流程

that require a lot of interaction between many processors.

需要許多處理器之間進行大量交互。

Now that we've touched on some of the differences in the systems,

既然我們已經談到了系統中的一些差異、

let's focus on the DCS and some of its components.

讓我們把重點放在 DCS 及其部分組件上。

The DCS is a process-oriented system that uses closed-loop control.

DCS 是一個面向過程的系統，採用閉環控制。

A typical plant starts with a centralized operator control center typically called Operator Stations.

典型的工廠都有一箇中央操作員控制中心，通常稱為操作員站。

Operator Stations, in a DCS, are the heart of the system.

在 DCS 中，操作員站是系統的核心。

This is where the operator can observe the operations of the plant,

在這裡，操作員可以觀察設備的運行情況、

view process warnings and alarms, monitor production, and more.

查看流程警告和警報、監控生產等。

The next level of components may contain servers, archiving computers, and engineering stations.

下一級組件可能包括服務器、存檔計算機和工程站。

Communications with the Operator Station level is typically Industrial Ethernet.

與操作員站之間的通信通常採用工業以太網。

Servers are used for the collection of data at the processor level.

服務器用於在處理器一級收集數據。

They are responsible for the data that moves between the Operator Station and the processors on the plant floor.

他們負責操作員站和工廠工廠中的房間處理器之間的數據傳輸。

Archiving computers are used for storing historical data that may be used for trends or compliance.

存檔計算機用於存儲可用於趨勢或合規性的歷史數據。

Engineering stations are used for creating the projects on which the processes run.

工程站用於創建運行流程的項目。

This includes hardware configurations, logic for tasks, graphical displays for operator interaction,

這包括硬件配置、任務邏輯、用於操作員交互的圖形顯示器、

and the administration of all of those tasks through installed software packages.

並通過安裝的套裝軟體管理所有這些任務。

This is the station that is used to download the projects to the processors and the graphical displays.

該站用於將項目下載到處理器和圖形顯示器。

At the next level, you have the master controllers that supervise the individual processors as well as I/O modules.

下一級是主控制器，負責監控各個處理器和 I/O 模塊。

These controllers are also responsible for providing the data to the servers,

這些控制器還負責向服務器提供數據、

which in turn, supply the data for the graphical interface.

這反過來又為圖形界面提供了數據。

Industrial Ethernet is typically used for communication with the previous level.

工業以太網通常用於與上一級系統進行通信。

Fiber Optic may be used here when Ethernet cabling runs would be too long.

當以太網布線過長時，可使用光纖。

At this level, the processor executes the logic and does what it needs to do in order to control the process.

在這一層面，處理器執行邏輯，並做它需要做的事情，以控制流程。

The next level is the field device level.

下一級是現場設備級。

Communications between this level and the processor level

本級與處理器級之間的通信

can be nearly any type that may be compatible with the components.

幾乎可以是與組件兼容的任何類型。

Those include Industrial Ethernet, Profibus DP, EtherCAT,

其中包括工業以太網、Profibus DP 和 EtherCAT、

Fiber Optic, or other proprietary communication protocols.

光纖或其他專有通信協議。

Components at this level would be devices

這一級別的組件包括設備

such as transmitters, switches, valves, motors, remote or distributed I/O, etc.

如變送器、開關、閥門、電機、遠程或分佈式 I/O 等。

In short, both PLCs and a DCS have their place in the market today.

簡而言之，PLC 和 DCS 在當今市場上都佔有一席之地。

PLCs would work best in a small production environment

PLC 在小型生產環境中最有效

where component failure if no redundant system is deployed, is a small risk for the application,

在這種情況下，如果不部署冗餘系統，組件故障對應用程序來說風險很小、

the budget is restricted, or the tasks and I/O count are minimal.

預算有限，或任務和 I/O 數量很少。

A DCS would be better used in an environment where there are large I/O counts

在有大量輸入/輸出的環境中，使用 DCS 效果更好

with many continuous processes,

有許多連續的過程、

a processor failure in one section of the plant is not a problem for production,

在工廠的某一區域出現處理器故障不會影響生產、

or risk assessment has determined that an integrated package would be the best option.

或風險評估確定，綜合一攬子方案是最佳選擇。

The line between the two systems is nearly invisible nowadays

如今，這兩種系統之間的界限幾乎不可見

and it may not be long before there is no differentiation at all.

也許用不了多久，就會完全沒有區別。

In future videos, we are going to discuss SCADA and contrast DCS and SCADA systems so stay tuned!

在今後的視頻中，我們將討論 SCADA 並對比 DCS 和 SCADA 系統，敬請期待！

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希望以通俗易懂的方式學習 PLC 編程

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讓您的職業生涯更上一層樓？

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請訪問 realpars.com