You know, having somebody who has that world view, who, who knows what they wanna say, who knows what story they wanna tell.

That's critical, I mean, the speechwriter can come up with something on their own, but it really needs to be a collaborative process with the person who's speaking.

We approach any speech by asking yourself, "What story do we want to tell?"

We try to come up with a headline for the speech first, you know, whether it's one, two, or three sentences, because that's what you have to hang everything on, otherwise it won't hold together.

Tonight, I want to talk about what kind of future we're going to have and what kind of a nation we are going to be.

One thing all great speeches have in common is that they're bigger than the place, they say something bigger than the moment, you know, something like Lincoln's Gettysburg Address.

Like, he said it wasn't just to consecrate the ground where soldiers gave their lives, it was to dedicate ourselves to making sure that a nation conceived in liberty could endure.

So any great speech has to speak to something bigger than that particular moment, you have to look beyond the headline you're gonna get the next day, you have to look beyond tweets.

We... wouldn't necessarily write speeches with an eye towards what people will say about it in 50 years, but you're thinking about the broader sweep of history and where you fit.

Today, in the world of freedom, the proudest boast is, "Ich bin ein Berliner."

You know, other things that make a great speech are authenticity.

And authenticity is, you know, so, it's something more than just the truth, it's actually saying what's true.

And I don't just mean the facts, I mean things that people know, the way people speak in their everyday lives.

Not every great speech has to be up here like Lincoln or Kennedy, and people can tell when you're trying too hard.

A lot of times great speeches are just talking to people where they are.

Your fervor, your energy, your courage, always is something that's going to carry me forth.

Humor goes a long way in speeches, but it's also very hard.

President Obama would also say, you know, "Give me some more jokes in here," and comedy is difficult; we were always very lucky that President Obama had a great sense of comic timing.

And he knew it, but he was always good at telling jokes.

He relished... you know, he'd always dig at himself first in a self-deprecating way, just to open it up so that he could dig on somebody else.

I am told that the last three speakers here have been the Pope, Her Majesty the Queen, and Nelson Mandela, which is either a very high bar or the beginning of a very funny joke.

You want to know where you are and who you're talking to, even if it's small as visiting a high school and knowing who the mascot is⏤that handshake at the top of the speech goes a long way.

And then you have the permission structure to take the audience on a greater ride.

I want to thank all of the students here.

The smart, powerful, creative, accomplished, young women of Mulberry School for Girls, you all are beautiful.

Any aspiring speechwriter should just start writing, constantly.

Whether it's journaling, whether it's, you know, preparing a speech you wish you had the chance to write so that you have something to show somebody.

I'd also say read widely.

You know, that's... that's where empathy comes from, is understanding other people's lives and world views beyond your own.

I, I don't have any classic training in speechwriting; I started out as a pre-med student, and chemistry changed that course pretty quickly.

But I would tell students, you know, take a lot of history courses.

It, it doesn't always have to be writing and composition.

History, economics, philosophy... 'cause you're gonna pull from all those disciplines in any good political speech.

And with that, I just have two more words to say...

Obama out!

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