Name: 喝下噁心的沼澤水（拯救世界）。 (Drinking Nasty Swamp Water (to save the world))
Uploaded: 2021-01-14T08:44:38.000Z
Duration: 11 min 37 s
Description: 【看影片學英語】數萬部 YouTube 影片，搭配英漢字典即點即查，輕鬆掌握單字發音與用法，長久累積看電影不必再看字幕。

About a year ago, I read about this powder

You could add to super muddy water like this, and then you stir it up and five minutes later

the mud has separated from the pure clean drinkable water. And as a man of science

I see this and it feels like nothing short of magic. I only make 12 videos a year

so I am really picky about what topics I will cover and even though I usually just focus on using science and engineering to make

At least once a year,  I try to make the case

that these same science and engineering principles

the world for the better. For example last year

I met with Madhu Prakash from Stanford who was disappointed to realize the typical microscope and centrifuge to diagnose malaria

cost tens of thousands of dollars and needs to be plugged in.

So he invented a paper microscope and a paper centrifuge that cost 68 cents

that can diagnose malaria and require no electricity.

So today we're gonna find out how this was invented

How the heck it works and how it's being used to help people all around the world

But first to demonstrate this isn't some kind of smoke and mirrors trick

I located the nastiest water I could find near my house and met up with some intrepid field scientists. So today

I'm joined by my friends Cole, Kaden, Rainy and Max I promised them they could be in a video

But I didn't tell them which one or what we'd be doing. And here's the deal guys. We need to go into that pond

That's all gross and nasty and fill it up with muddy water. Can you do that?

Do you guys think this would be good to drink this? No. What would  you guys give me if I take a sip of this

20 bucks. 20 bucks? Okay, we're not gonna do anything to this one, but I'm gonna do something to this one

So then we can compare the two. Okay, so I'm gonna take a little bit of this powder

I'm gonna put it in here you guys see this and then we're gonna take turns shaking it for like five minutes, okay

Okay, I'm gonna put my thumb at the water level so you know I'm not tricking you guys okay

It's some high quality H2O right there. All right, where's my 20 bucks Rainy?

Chances are if you're watching this video you have essentially an endless supply of clean water at

The pull of a lever. And because this is so easy, we tend to forget just how critical water is for us

You can live three weeks without food but only a few days without water and it's not just us from plants to ants to bacteria,

anything that is biological and living needs water to survive

It sounds crazy but there are no exceptions to this rule because of this when NASA is looking for evidence of life outside our planet

We first start by looking for evidence of water given all that

It's a total bummer that nearly 1 billion people around the world don't have access to clean drinking water.

Today, drinking contaminated water causes more deaths than HIV, AIDS, and malaria combined

And so that's why the powder in this packet is a really big deal

It was invented by a guy named Philip Souter

He's a laundry scientist at Procter & Gamble who was originally trying to figure out a way to separate dirt from used laundry water and I want

To be clear here. They are not sponsoring this video in any way

I just think what they're doing is really awesome and they deserve some credit

So I was actually able to track Philip down and he told me all about how it works

So essentially as three processes there's coagulation then the next phase is flocculation

And then the last piece is the disinfection. You start with clean water like this

But now it's all brown because it's filled with lots of dirt particles, parasites, and bacteria.

So you dump the powder in the water and as Phil explained, the coagulant part of the powder goes to work first

It's basically seed crystals that are positively

charged and because the dirt in the water is negatively charged, these seed crystals act like dirt magnets. These dirt magnets grow until they're each

The next part of the powder to activate is the flocculent,

which is a polymer which you can think about as having huge long arms that wrap up all the little

dirt magnet clumps and now they form bigger chunks as large as a centimeter. These chunks now are so big

They're just slightly more dense than the water, which means they sink to the bottom.

and finally, the chlorine is released and it goes to work on killing the

All the really tiny viruses and bacteria that are left in the water that didn't get wrapped up and sink to the bottom

so now you're just left with safe drinking water at the top. This isn't just some PR stunt for P&G since

2004, millions of people in over 90 countries have used these packets and they've saved untold thousands upon thousands of lives.

In fact, they've cleaned enough water to fill a swimming pool

that is the typical five feet deep by 15 feet across only the length would need to stretch all the way across the United States,

These packets cost them pennies to make which they sell at a loss and that feels like the right thing to do, but it brings

Is there a case to be made beyond altruism where it's in the best

interest of the rich countries to help out the poor countries? To answer this question

I wanted to speak with someone in the technology sector who had some experience in this kind of thing

And he's a bit of an obscure up-and-comer named Bill Gates

But first I had to do a little bit of research in order to get myself up to Seattle

When I arrived they told me I was free to make myself at home while I waited for him to show up,

so I did what any rational person would do given the circumstances, I made the richest man on planet earth some pizza rolls.

Good to meet you. Yeah, thanks for doing this. They gave me free reign of your kitchen and as a token of hospitality,

I whipped up a batch of pizza rolls. Oh wow.

I'll try it. It's not what I normally eat.

Its really hot, actually. They're kind of like lava in the middle. Not bad.

A little bit of cardboard. What do you got here? This is plan B because I wasn't expecting you to actually eat one of those.

It's a Seattle phenomena. Truth be told I actually knew this after seeing a picture of him on reddit.

He's standing line by himself to buy one of their hamburgers for less than two bucks.

Hate to disappoint you there's no Dick's burgers in here. Okay. We have some liquid refreshment

So I took out the powder and explained to him how it worked and then I set up the bottles, and here's where we stood

after a minute or two. Looks like we're making some progress on the top there.

Why should we care about developing nations?

Well the amount of resource that rich countries spend in helping poor countries is pretty small.

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喝下噁心的沼澤水（拯救世界）。 (Drinking Nasty Swamp Water (to save the world))

essentially

opportunity

evidence

basically