Open source 3D software that can be used to make animations, visual effects, game assets, or practically anything 3D.

開源三維軟件，可用於製作動畫、視覺效果、遊戲資產或幾乎任何三維內容。

And best of all, it's 100% free and it always will be.

最重要的是，它是 100% 免費的，而且永遠免費。

If you've never used it before but you want to learn it, well, then you're in the right place.

如果你從未使用過它，但又想學習它，那你就來對地方了。

This is a tutorial for complete beginners.

這是為完全初學者編寫的教程。

I've been using Blender for 20 years, so I'm going to show you how to use all of its core features.

我使用 Blender 已經有 20 年了，所以我將向你展示如何使用它的所有核心功能。

And by the end, you'll finish with not only the confidence to start your own projects, but with your very own donut animation.

最後，你不僅會有信心開始自己的項目，還會擁有自己的甜甜圈動畫。

And I know this looks complex, but I promise you it's achievable for a complete beginner.

我知道這看起來很複雜，但我向你保證，這對一個完全的初學者來說是可以做到的。

And I say that with confidence because many already have.

我之所以這麼說，是因為很多人已經這樣做了。

This is actually the fourth version of this tutorial.

這實際上是本教程的第四個版本。

I made the first donut tutorial back in 2016 and I've been remaking it every few years to keep up with Blender's development.

我早在 2016 年就製作了第一個甜甜圈教程，為了跟上 Blender 的發展，我每隔幾年就會重製一次。

In that time, millions of people just like yourself have gone from having never used 3D to successfully making their own donuts.

在此期間，數百萬像你一樣的人從從未使用過 3D 技術到成功製作出自己的甜甜圈。

One artist even snuck his into a little film called Everything Everywhere All at Once.

一位藝術家甚至把他的作品悄悄拍進了一部小電影裡，片名就叫《Everything Everywhere All At Once》。

Very clever.

非常聰明。

So, if you're ready to take your first steps in 3D, hit the subscribe button and let's begin.

所以，如果你已經準備好邁出 3D 的第一步，請點擊訂閱按鈕，讓我們開始吧。

First, go to blender.org forward slash download or just click the link in the description.

首先，請訪問 blender.org forward slash download 或直接點擊描述中的鏈接。

Then, obviously, you've got to hit the big download button.

然後，很明顯，你必須點擊下載按鈕。

Once downloaded, on Windows, double click it and then just go through the install steps.

下載完成後，在 Windows 上雙擊它，然後執行安裝步驟即可。

But if you're on a Mac, just drag it into the applications folder.

但如果你使用的是 Mac，只需將其拖入應用程序文件夾即可。

Then, just find the Blender shortcut and open it.

然後，找到 Blender 的快捷方式並打開它。

Then, once it's open, just click anywhere off the splash screen to close it and welcome to the wonderful world of 3D.

打開後，只需點擊閃屏上的任意位置即可關閉，歡迎來到奇妙的 3D 世界。

First tip, do not get overwhelmed.

第一點建議，不要不知所措。

If you go clicking around, you might find lots of buttons and some of them with very scary names and it can all get very overwhelming very quickly.

如果你四處點擊，可能會發現很多按鈕，其中有些按鈕的名字非常嚇人，很快就會讓你不知所措。

The thing you need to know is Blender can do a lot of things, which means it has a lot of tools.

你需要知道的是，Blender 可以做很多事情，這意味著它有很多工具。

But you don't need to know every tool in order to do what you want to do.

但你不需要了解每一種工具，就能完成你想做的事情。

If you're familiar with the 80-20 rule, there's really only 20% of Blender's features that you end up using 80% of the time.

如果你熟悉 80-20 定律，那麼你在 80% 的時間裡使用的 Blender 功能其實只有 20%。

And that's what I'm planning to teach you in this tutorial series.

這就是我打算在本系列教程中教大家的內容。

So, stay with me and you should be fine.

所以，和我在一起，你應該會沒事的。

We'll start making the donut in the next video.

我們將在下一個視頻中開始製作甜甜圈。

In this one, we're just going to look at the interface and I'm going to show you some of the basic navigation.

在這一篇中，我們將只看界面，我將向你展示一些基本的導航。

So, for starters, this view, this window right here is your 3D viewport and it's where you'll spend probably 90% of your time because it is the 3D world.

是以，首先，這個視圖、這個窗口就是你的 3D 視口，你可能會在這裡花費 90% 的時間，因為這裡就是 3D 世界。

So, you can see that we have three objects here.

是以，你可以看到這裡有三個對象。

We've got a camera, we've got a cube, and we've got a lamp.

我們有一臺攝影機、一個立方體和一盞燈。

And when we click on it, you can see it's selected because it has the yellow outline.

當我們點擊它時，你可以看到它被選中了，因為它有黃色的輪廓。

So, let's delete the default cube, of course, and replace it with something else.

是以，我們當然要刪除默認立方體，然後用其他東西取而代之。

So, we could do that by going up to the Add menu up here or by remembering the hotkey which is Shift-A.

是以，我們可以通過點擊 "添加 "菜單或記住熱鍵 Shift-A。

So, Shift-A for Add.

是以，Shift-A 表示添加。

So, usually the one you're looking for is underneath Mesh.

所以，你要找的人通常就在網狀物下面。

So, these are called your primitives and it's what you use to start something when you're looking to make an object.

是以，這些被稱為你的基元，當你想要製作一個對象時，它就是你用來開始的東西。

Like if you're going to make a chair, you might start with a cylinder as the chair leg and then build out from there.

比如，如果你要製作一把椅子，你可以先用一個圓柱體作為椅腿，然後再從那裡開始製作。

But the one I'm sure you're all very curious, you want to click it, it's the monkey.

但我相信你們都很好奇，都想點擊它，那就是猴子。

So, let's just click the monkey.

所以，我們還是點擊猴子吧。

Why does Blender have a monkey?

為什麼 Blender 會有一隻猴子？

Well, fun fact, every 3D software has its own little random complex object because it's useful to test things like shaders or complexities of scenes.

有趣的是，每個 3D 軟件都有自己的隨機複雜小對象，因為它可以用來測試著色器或場景的複雜性。

So, 3ds Max has the Utah teapot, Houdini has the toy and I think pig's head.

是以，3ds Max 有猶他茶壺，Houdini 有玩具和豬頭。

Blender has the monkey.

Blender 有猴子。

And it's actually called the Suzanne monkey head, which you can see in the top left there, named after the orangutan from the film Jay and Silent Bob Strikes Back.

實際上，它叫蘇珊娜猴頭，你可以在左上角看到，它是以電影《傑與鮑勃反擊戰》中的猩猩命名的。

Random piece of trivia.

隨機瑣事

So, let's get a better look at it.

那麼，讓我們好好看看吧。

And to that, we need to orbit, which you can do by on your mouse there, your scroll wheel.

為此，我們需要軌道，你可以通過滑鼠滾輪來實現。

That is called your middle mouse button.

這就是所謂的滑鼠中鍵。

If you push that in and then drag around, that is now orbiting.

如果你把它推入，然後拖動，它現在就在軌道上運行。

Now, for my laptop users, you've just panicked because you realize you don't have a mouse.

現在，對於我的筆記本電腦用戶來說，你們已經驚慌失措了，因為你們發現自己沒有滑鼠。

How are you going to orbit around?

你打算如何繞行？

First of all, probably good idea to get a mouse for 3D work.

首先，買一個用於 3D 工作的滑鼠可能是個好主意。

It will come in handy.

它會派上用場的。

But in a pinch, you can get by without it just by up here in the top right-hand corner.

但在緊要關頭，你也可以不使用它，只需點擊右上角的"......"。

This little gray circle, anywhere in the gray section, if you just left-click drag on that, that will do the exact same thing.

這個灰色的小圓圈，在灰色部分的任何地方，如果你用左鍵點擊拖動它，就能起到完全相同的作用。

Or if you want, you can go to edit preferences and then underneath input, there's emulate three-button mouse.

如果你願意，也可以進入 "編輯偏好設置"，然後在 "輸入 "下方選擇 "模擬三鍵滑鼠"。

And that means that if you hold down alt and then left-click drag, that will do the exact same thing.

這就意味著，如果你按住 Alt，然後左鍵單擊拖動，就能完成完全相同的操作。

Also, whilst you are in user preferences, you might want to go to interface and you've got resolution scale.

此外，在用戶偏好設置中，你可能需要轉到界面，然後選擇分辨率比例。

If you're on a 4K monitor, you might find that your menus and buttons are really small and you kind of have to like squint in to see it.

如果你使用的是 4K 顯示器，你可能會發現菜單和按鈕非常小，你不得不眯著眼睛才能看清。

So personally, I like to keep my 4K monitor around about 1.5.

是以，我個人喜歡將我的 4K 顯示器保持在 1.5 左右。

But since this is a tutorial, I'll make it nice and big so you can see what I'm doing.

不過既然是教程，我就把它做得又大又漂亮，這樣你就能看到我在做什麼了。

Okay, so that's orbiting around with the middle mouse button.

好了，這就是用滑鼠中鍵繞軌道運行。

If we want to zoom in, we can do that just by scrolling in and out.

如果我們想放大，只需通過滾動來實現。

We could also do it by going up to the magnifying glass tool there and then just left-click dragging and then moving the mouse back and forth.

我們也可以使用放大鏡工具，然後左鍵拖動，來回移動滑鼠。

That does the same thing.

效果是一樣的。

Or you could hold down control and then middle mouse button and that will do a smooth zoom as well.

或者你也可以按住 control 鍵，然後按住滑鼠中鍵，這樣也能實現平滑縮放。

Okay, so one thing you might notice looking at this is that it's not very pretty, right?

好了，看到這裡，你可能會注意到一件事，那就是它並不漂亮，對吧？

It's just kind of got this flat, bland, gray lighting over everything.

一切都顯得平淡無奇、灰暗無光。

And that's because this state right now is called viewport shading.

這是因為現在的狀態叫做視口著色。

And it's kind of a lightweight, optimized way to view the scene just as you're building it.

這是一種輕量級的優化方式，可以在構建場景時查看場景。

But if you want to create a final pretty image, that's called rendering.

但如果你想製作出最終的漂亮影像，這就叫渲染。

And you can actually switch into rendered mode by going up here into the top right-hand corner.

實際上，你可以通過右上角切換到渲染模式。

You can see we're currently in the viewport shading mode.

你可以看到我們目前處於視口著色模式。

If we go to across, you should see rendered view mode.

如果我們轉到 "跨"，就會看到渲染視圖模式。

So if we click that, your computer might stall for a quick second whilst it loads it in.

是以，如果我們點擊它，你的電腦在加載它時可能會停頓一秒鐘。

But you can see it's now different.

但你可以看到，現在已經不同了。

We have directional light.

我們有定向光。

We have shadow cast across the monkey.

我們有影子投在猴子身上。

So it's now currently being lit by this lamp up here.

所以，它現在是由這盞燈照亮的。

So if I wanted to zoom in on that lamp there and just kind of move it around, you can see it's kind of hard to focus on.

所以，如果我想放大那盞燈，然後把它移動一下，你可以看到它很難聚焦。

It's always exactly not in the right view.

它總是不在正確的位置。

And that's because we are centered on our monkey right now.

這是因為我們現在以猴子為中心。

We need to change the focus.

我們需要改變重點。

We need to pan to something else.

我們需要轉到別的地方。

So we could do that one of two ways.

是以，我們可以通過以下兩種方式之一來做到這一點。

One, if you're on a laptop, you could use the little move tool there.

第一，如果你用的是筆記本電腦，你可以使用那裡的小移動工具。

That will do that.

這樣就可以了。

Or, everyone else, shift, middle mouse click, drag.

或者，其他人用 shift、滑鼠中鍵、拖動。

That will do the same thing.

這也會起到同樣的作用。

So middle mouse is for orbiting.

是以，中間的滑鼠是用來繞行的。

Shift, middle mouse is for pan to change your view to something else.

滑鼠中鍵用於平移，將視圖切換到其他位置。

Okay, so I want to move my light because it's too moody.

好吧，我想挪一下我的燈，因為它太情緒化了。

I want to be able to see the monkey's face there.

我希望能在那裡看到猴子的臉。

So to move an object, you could do it one of two ways.

是以，要移動一個物體，有兩種方法。

One, you could go over to the left-hand corner here, and you've got the move tool.

其一，你可以去左側角落，那裡有移動工具。

When you click that, you can see that the selected object, the lamp, has this gizmo, it's called, with these axes on it.

點擊後，你可以看到被選中的對象，也就是燈，有一個小工具，上面有這些軸線。

And if I just clicked and dragged on any of those arrows there, you can see I can move it along any of those axes.

如果我點擊並拖動其中任何一個箭頭，你可以看到我可以沿著其中任何一個軸移動它。

I could also just click on that white circle there, and that will just freehand drag it depending on my view.

我也可以點擊那個白色圓圈，然後根據我的視圖自由拖動。

But it's kind of tedious.

但這有點乏味。

Every time you want to move something, you have to go to that tool and then find the arrows and yadda yadda.

每次你想移動某個東西時，都得先找到那個工具，然後再找到箭頭什麼的。

So actually, most people in Blender prefer to use the hotkeys.

所以實際上，Blender 中的大多數人都喜歡使用熱鍵。

So we just keep it in the default selection state here.

是以，我們只需將其保持在默認選擇狀態即可。

And instead, remember the hotkey, which is G for grab.

記住熱鍵，G 代表抓取。

Now, I've just tapped the key, and you'll notice as I move my cursor that it's now attached to my cursor.

現在，我剛剛點擊了這個鍵，當我移動遊標時，你會發現它已經連接到我的遊標上了。

It's not, my cursor isn't even actually close to it.

不是的，我的遊標實際上根本沒有接近它。

In fact, my cursor could be on the other side of the screen, and I could tap G, and it will move it.

事實上，我的遊標可能在螢幕的另一側，我可以點擊 G，它就會移動遊標。

And at first, this is kind of awkward.

一開始，這有點尷尬。

You're like, why is it working this way?

你會想，為什麼會這樣？

But once you get used to it, you realize it's actually handy because you don't have to spend all this time, like, navigating your cursor to something just so that you can move it.

但一旦你習慣了它，你就會發現它其實很方便，因為你不用再花時間，比如，把遊標導航到某個地方，然後就可以移動它了。

Your cursor could be over here, and then just tap it, and you're moving it.

你的遊標可以在這裡，然後點擊它，就可以移動它了。

So whilst you're in this move state, if you want to cancel a movement, you could do it one of two ways.

是以，當你處於移動狀態時，如果想取消移動，有兩種方法。

You could just hit escape, or you could right-click.

你可以直接按 Escal 鍵，也可以右鍵單擊。

Then if you want to confirm a movement, like say I want to move my lamp here, and I like the movement, I could just do a single left-click.

然後，如果你想確認一個動作，比如我想把檯燈移到這裡，而且我喜歡這個動作，我只需單擊滑鼠左鍵即可。

So again, if I want to cancel something, just right-click.

所以，如果我想取消某項操作，只需右擊滑鼠即可。

If I want to confirm the movement, left-click.

如果我想確認移動，請左鍵單擊。

But let's say I wanted to move it along an axis, like, you know, I like these arrows here, and I want to be able to move it on just a specific axis.

但假設我想沿某個軸移動它，比如，我喜歡這裡的箭頭，我希望能在某個特定的軸上移動它。

Well, I can do that whilst I'm in that grab state as well.

好吧，我在抓取狀態下也可以這樣做。

So after I've hit the G key to grab it, I can then tap the letter of the axis that I want to move it on.

是以，在按下 G 鍵抓取後，我就可以點擊我想要移動的軸的字母。

So if you don't know, in the real world and in the 3D software, there are three axes because there's three dimensions.

如果你不知道，在現實世界和 3D 軟件中，有三個軸，因為有三個維度。

There's the X axis, which I can move by hitting the X key, the Y axis to move it back and forth along the Y axis with the Y key, or the Z axis to move it up and down on the Z axis.

按 X 鍵可以移動 X 軸，按 Y 鍵可以沿 Y 軸前後移動 Y 軸，按 Z 鍵可以沿 Z 軸上下移動 Z 軸。

So you can remember those letters, the X, Y, and Z.

這樣你就能記住這些字母，X、Y 和 Z。

Or the method that I actually prefer to use is whilst you're in that G state, if you just hold down the middle mouse button and then pull out, you can see you get this, like, gray line that pulls out from the center.

或者，我更喜歡使用的方法是，當你處於 G 狀態時，如果你按住滑鼠中鍵，然後向外拉，你可以看到從中心拉出的灰色線條。

And then if you just drag out and move around, it will snap it to the nearest axis, which, again, is maybe an odd way to work, but it's actually really handy because it means you don't have to think of the letter and locate it on your keyboard.

然後，如果你只需拖出並移動，它就會把你拖到最近的軸上，這也許是一種奇怪的工作方式，但實際上非常方便，因為這意味著你不必去想字母並在鍵盤上定位。

I can just tap G to move it and then middle mouse drag out and then just find that exact axis that I'm looking for.

我只需點擊 G 移動它，然後用滑鼠中鍵拖出，就能準確找到我要找的軸。

And so it's very fast to just quickly move the lamp exactly where I want it.

是以，它可以非常快速地將燈管精確地移動到我想要的位置。

By the way, if you're finding it hard to remember all of the keyboard shortcuts that I've mentioned, I've actually put together a PDF, a cheat sheet of Blender's most common hotkeys, and you can download that by clicking the link in the description so you could print it out or you could just have it on a separate monitor while you work.

順便說一句，如果你覺得很難記住我提到的所有鍵盤快捷鍵，我其實已經整理了一份 PDF 格式的 Blender 最常用熱鍵小抄，你可以點擊描述中的鏈接下載，這樣你就可以打印出來，或者在工作時把它放在單獨的顯示器上。

Also, if you are from another 3D software package, you might notice that Blender's hotkeys are different than what you are used to.

此外，如果您使用的是其他 3D 套裝軟體，您可能會發現 Blender 的熱鍵與您習慣的不同。

So if you actually go to Preferences, just for those people that are from other softwares, if you change the key map to Industry Compatible, you'll find that these shortcuts are probably more in line with what you remember from other software.

是以，如果你進入 "偏好設置"，為那些使用其他軟件的用戶提供幫助，將按鍵映射更改為 "行業兼容"，你會發現這些快捷鍵可能更符合你對其他軟件的記憶。

I'll also put a link to a cheat sheet that is just for the Industry Compatible key maps that somebody else put together.

我還將提供一個鏈接，鏈接到別人製作的《工業兼容關鍵地圖》小抄。

I've got nothing to do with it, but I'll put that link there so you can check it out as well.

我與此事無關，但我會把鏈接放在那裡，以便你們也能查看。

For the rest of this tutorial series, I'm going to use Blender's hotkeys.

在本系列教程的其餘部分，我將使用 Blender 的熱鍵。

Just keep that in mind.

請記住這一點。

Now, let's say as I am moving around here, I'm like, oh, this looks really good.

比方說，當我在這裡走動時，我會想，哦，這看起來真不錯。

I've got some nice Rembrandt lighting across the monkey's face.

我用倫勃朗的燈光打在猴子臉上，效果不錯。

I want to take a photo.

我想拍張照片。

I want to take a nice pretty image of this and post it on socials for clout, right?

我想拍一張漂亮的圖片，然後發佈到社交網絡上，這樣會更有影響力，對嗎？

Well, I could take a screenshot of it, but that would be silly because it's got all these lines all over.

好吧，我可以截圖，但那就太傻了，因為上面到處都是這些線條。

It's all noisy, right?

都是噪音，對吧？

We don't like it.

我們不喜歡這樣。

The way you take a photo, a pretty image in Blender, is to do a render.

在 Blender 中拍攝照片和漂亮影像的方法是進行渲染。

So you could do that one or two ways by going up to Render and hitting Render Image or remembering the hotkey which says next to it F12.

是以，你可以通過以下兩種方法實現這一功能：進入 "渲染 "並點擊 "渲染影像"，或者記住旁邊寫著 F12 的熱鍵。

So when you do that, a little window will pop up.

這樣，一個小窗口就會彈出。

It will use your CPU or GPU, depending on which render you've got active, and it will render out a pretty image.

它會使用你的 CPU 或 GPU（取決於你激活了哪種渲染），並渲染出漂亮的影像。

And from here, you could go Image and then Save As, and that will save it as a PNG or whatever, wherever you want to save it.

從這裡，你可以轉到 "影像"，然後 "另存為"，這樣就可以將其保存為 PNG 或其他格式，隨你想保存在哪裡。

But you might notice looking at this that this is actually a different view than what we have here, right?

但你可能會注意到，這實際上是一個不同的視角，而不是我們這裡的視角，對嗎？

So here I've got a nice view of the monkey's face, but there was a different view.

在這裡，我看到了猴子的臉，但也有不同的風景。

And the reason for that is when you do a render, it's not rendering from the view that you're looking at currently.

原因在於，當你進行渲染時，它並不是從你當前看到的視圖進行渲染。

It's always going to render from the point of view of the camera.

它總是從攝影機的角度進行渲染。

So this is our camera over here, and it's looking from this angle.

這是我們的攝影機，從這個角度拍攝。

And we can actually look through the camera by just clicking the little camera icon there or by remembering the hotkey which is number pad zero.

我們只需點擊攝像頭圖標，或者記住熱鍵（數字鍵盤 0），就可以通過攝像頭進行查看。

So how do we move the camera?

那麼，我們該如何移動攝影機呢？

Well, Blender's a little awkward, maybe a little different to other software packages, but you're supposed to hit G to move it and then middle mouse to zoom in and out.

好吧，Blender 的操作有點笨拙，可能與其他套裝軟體有點不同，但你應該按 G 鍵來移動它，然後用滑鼠中鍵來放大或縮小。

And then if you want to move it along an axis, I guess G and then X, you could do that.

然後，如果你想沿某個軸（我猜是 G 軸和 X 軸）移動它，也可以這樣做。

But actually what a lot of users prefer, especially those from other software packages, is if you've got your camera selected, which by the way, I haven't mentioned this, but up here, this is your outliner.

但實際上，很多用戶，尤其是其他套裝軟體的用戶更喜歡的是，如果你選擇了相機，順便說一下，我還沒提到這一點，但在這裡，這是你的大綱器。